Feudalism was dead and France was unified. The French Revolution, though it seemed a failure in 1799 and appeared nullified by 1815, had far-reaching results.For ten months, suspected enemies of the revolution were hunted down and executed by guillotine.
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By June 1793, the Jacobins controlled the National Convention and employed a series of policies including the elimination of Christianity and the adoption of a new calendar.On 21 January 1793, the Reign of Terror began after the execution of King Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette on charges of high treason and crimes against the state.The National Convention then abolished the monarchy and founded the French Republic.After a month, insurrectionists in Paris attacked hundreds of counterrevolutionaries and established a National Convention to replace the Legislative Assembly. On 10 August 1792, the extremist Jacobins attacked the royal residence in Paris and arrested King Louis XVI.The King’s power was limited to royal veto and the appointment of ministers. On 3 September 1791, a constitutional monarchy was established with France’s first written constitution.That same day, the Assembly formally adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which stated political ideas of Enlightenment thinkers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau.This event marked agrarian insurrection against feudalism as inspired by the National Constituent Assembly. On 4 August 1789, the Great Fear began.Many regard this event as the beginning of the French Revolution. On 14 July, rioters stormed the fortress of Bastille as they sought to secure gunpowder and weapons.The changes for reform were based on the desire for democracy, citizenship, and undeniable rights.The lower classes decided to rebel and create a new, more fair society.A few days later, the famous Tennis Court Oath took place. On 17 June, the Third Estate met and adopted the title of National Assembly.No matter how hard an individual worked, it was impossible to rise above this fate. If you were born to a poor family, your life would be one of poverty. This status was not earned but was determined by the family into which someone was born. For centuries, the quality of life in Europe had been determined by the status that a person or family held. By May of 1786, the Third Estate began to mobilize for equal representation in replacement of the noble veto.Such an act by the king resulted in an aristocratic revolt. In 1786, King Louis XVI responded by proposing a financial reform package, which would remove the tax exemption from the privileged classes.Out of resentment and desperation, many joined rioting, looting, and strikes. In response to a declining economy, the monarchy imposed heavy taxes on French citizens, which angered the public.The American Revolution sent shockwaves throughout Europe and gave hope to many poverty-stricken peasants who wanted to see the powerful aristocracies of Europe fall.This gave the French people a great deal of inspiration. In 1776, a group of people at the bottom of society rebelled against those who were at the top, and they won – the British Colonies in America declared their independence and then enforced it by beating back the most powerful military on Earth.Those at the bottom saw the wealthy grow increasingly richer, while the poor got nothing while working the hardest. This gap between the wealthy and the poor created resentment.About 97% of France’s people struggled to survive while the remaining 3% lived a life of wealth and comfort.At the same time, France had experienced two decades of drought and cattle disease, which led to poor harvests and high prices for basic commodities such as bread.By the late 18th century, France was at the brink of bankruptcy due to its costly involvement in the American Revolution and extravagant monarchs, specifically King Louis XVI.See the fact file below for more information. The impact of this revolution changed the social and political landscape of France and other European countries. The upheaval of French citizens was due to discontent over the monarchy led by King Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette. The French Revolution, which began in 1789 and ended in 1790, was one of the bloodiest turning points in European history.
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